As COVID-19 cases, deaths and fatality rates surge in Italy, underlying causes require investigation

Authors

  • Salvatore Rubino Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
  • Nikki Kelvin Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
  • Jesús F Bermejo-Martin Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis (BioSepsis), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Paseo de San Vicente, Salamanca, Spain
  • David Kelvin Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12734

Keywords:

Novel coronavirus, COVID-19, Case Fatality Rates, SARS-CoV-19, Immunity, Italy

Abstract

COVID-19 case fatalities surged during the month of March 2020 in Italy, reaching over 10,000 by 28 March 2020. This number exceeds the number of fatalities in China (3,301) recorded from January to March, even though the number of diagnosed cases was similar (85,000 Italy vs. 80,000 China). Case Fatality Rates (CFR) could be somewhat unreliable because the estimation of total case numbers is limited by several factors, including insufficient testing and limitations in test kits and materials, such as NP swabs and PPE for testers. Sero prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may help in more accurate estimations of the total number of cases. Nevertheless, the disparity in the differences in the total number of fatalities between Italy and China suggests investigation into several factors, such as demographics, sociological interactions, availability of medical equipment (ICU beds and PPE), variants in immune proteins (e.g., HLA, IFNs), past immunity to related CoVs, and mutations in SARS-CoV-2, could impact survival of severe COVID-19 illness survival and the number of case fatalities.

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Published

2020-03-31

How to Cite

1.
Rubino S, Kelvin N, Bermejo-Martin JF, Kelvin D (2020) As COVID-19 cases, deaths and fatality rates surge in Italy, underlying causes require investigation. J Infect Dev Ctries 14:265–267. doi: 10.3855/jidc.12734

Issue

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic