Hospitalizations and deaths of Brazilian children and adolescents with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by COVID-19

Authors

  • Maria Cristina Bento Soares Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0475-1832
  • Igor Rodrigues Mendes Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6933-9366
  • Ana Peres de Carvalho Quintão Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
  • Luana Vieira Toledo Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7325
  • Ana Laura Alcantara Chagas de Freitas Medical Sciences School of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
  • Bruno David Henriques Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-6661
  • Brunnella Alcantara Chagas de Freitas Federal University of Viçosa. Medicine and Nursing Department. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7863-0681

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17079

Keywords:

COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, hospitalization, children, adolescents, pediatric

Abstract

Introduction: Since the onset of the pandemic, COVID-19 has affected the entire world population, however, data on child morbidity and mortality are scarce. This study aimed to analyze the profile of hospitalizations and factors associated with the deaths of Brazilian children and adolescents with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by COVID-19.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study uses public domain data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance System in 2021. The prevalence rates, lethality, and duration of hospitalization of children and adolescents with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by COVID-19 were analyzed. Logistic regression and adjusted Odds Ratio were used. A p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The prevalence of hospitalization among children and adolescents was 3.6%, and the case lethality rate was 4.0%. Higher lethality rates occurred among adolescents, natives, rural residents, those living in Brazil’s northern and northeastern regions, and those who became critically ill and had comorbidities. Hospitalization time was longer for adolescents who became critically ill or had comorbidities. The highest chance of death was associated with: children under one year of age and adolescents, natives, and residents from the North, Northeast, and Southeast regions, who became critically ill and had comorbidities.

Conclusions: Despite lower hospitalization and death rates than adults, the prevalence, complications, and mortality from COVID-19 in the pediatric population are relevant. Knowledge of the profile of children and adolescents hospitalized due to COVID-19 and the factors associated with these deaths allows the guidance of response efforts directed to assist this vulnerable population.

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Published

2022-12-31

How to Cite

1.
Bento Soares MC, Rodrigues Mendes I, de Carvalho Quintão AP, Vieira Toledo L, Alcantara Chagas de Freitas AL, David Henriques B, Alcantara Chagas de Freitas B (2022) Hospitalizations and deaths of Brazilian children and adolescents with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by COVID-19. J Infect Dev Ctries 16:1809–1820. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17079

Issue

Section

Coronavirus Pandemic