Influenza vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in a university hospital in Turkiye: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate influenza vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) at Istanbul Okan University Hospital and also explore the factors influencing their decision to get the influenza vaccine.

Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted with 428 HCWs, and a 94% response rate was achieved. The questionnaire included demographic data, knowledge assessments about influenza, and vaccination history.

Results: Only 22% of participants reported receiving the influenza vaccine in 2024, while 78% did not. The main reasons for hesitancy were distrust in vaccine efficacy (32%), fear of side effects (32%), and distrust of vaccine manufacturers (31%). Among those who were vaccinated, the key motivations included self-protection (19%) and being part of a risk group (15%). Interestingly, 91% of respondents had received the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, citing similar reasons for acceptance or refusal.

Conclusions: Despite well-documented evidence of the influenza vaccine's role in reducing morbidity and mortality, hesitancy remains prevalent, reflecting certain trends also observed in the literature. Educational and health promotion campaigns, on-site vaccination programs, and awareness initiatives emerged as potential strategies that would improve the vaccine uptake. This study highlights the critical need for targeted interventions to address vaccine hesitancy among HCWs. Building trust, providing accurate information, and ensuring easy access to vaccines are essential steps to boost influenza vaccination rates and enhance public health outcomes.