Phenotypic and PCR-Based Detection of ESBL Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Suppurative Wound Infections at CHUD-BA, Benin

Authors

  • Haziz Sina Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
  • Moussa Alassane Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
  • Bawa Boya Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-7400
  • Kamirou Chabi-Sika Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
  • Cyrille A Vodounon Laboratory of Natural Sciences and Applications, 72 ENS-UNSTIM, Natitngou, Bénin
  • Wassiyath A Mousse Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
  • Moutawakilou Gomina Unit for Training & Research in Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Republic of Benin
  • Olaréwadjou Amogou Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-0825
  • Nicodème W Chabi Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Markers in Nutrition, Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
  • Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8160-5954

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.22955

Keywords:

infection, suppuration, Gram-negative bacteria, bacterial resistance, ESBL

Abstract

Introduction: Wound infections represent a major therapeutic challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where antimicrobial resistance is rapidly increasing. Gram-negative bacilli are of special concern due to their ability to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which compromise β-lactam therapy. However, molecular data from northern Benin remain scarce. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles and detect major ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M) among Gram-negative bacteria isolated from suppurative wound infections at CHUD-BA, Benin.

Methodology: A prospective study was conducted from June 2021 to February 2022. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from infected wound samples. Identification was performed using standard biochemical tests, the API 20E system, and oxidase testing where appropriate. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing followed EUCAST 2021 guidelines. Biofilm production was assessed using the quantitative microtiter plate assay. ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M) were detected by PCR using appropriate controls.

Results: Out of 107 pus samples, 51/107 (47.7%) yielded Gram-negative bacilli. Escherichia coli accounted for 24/51 (47.1%) isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.76%), Klebsiella ornithinolytica (9.80%), and Klebsiella oxytoca (7.84%). The isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, and 39.6% of the gram-negative bacilli were biofilm producers. ESBL genes were detected as follows: blaCTX-M (17/50; 34%), blaTEM (14/50; 28%), and blaSHV (4/50; 8%).

Conclusions: The high prevalence of multidrug resistance, ESBL genes, and biofilm-forming capacity among Gram-negative wound isolates underscores the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control strategies in Northern Benin.

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Published

2026-10-31

How to Cite

1.
Sina H, Alassane M, Boya B, Chabi-Sika K, Vodounon CA, Mousse WA, Gomina M, Amogou O, Chabi NW, Baba-Moussa L (2026) Phenotypic and PCR-Based Detection of ESBL Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Suppurative Wound Infections at CHUD-BA, Benin. J Infect Dev Ctries 20:1487–1495. doi: 10.3855/jidc.22955

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 10: October 2026

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Haziz SINA, Moussa Alassane , Bawa Boya, Kamirou Chabi-Sika, Cyrille Alodé Jr. Vodounon, Wassiyath A. Mousse, Moutawakilou Gomina , Olaréwadjou Amogou, Nicodème W. Chabi, Lamine Baba-Moussa

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